Diabetes research, Canada

Abstract
Antidiabetic Activity of Nigella sativa Seed Extract in Cultured Pancreatic β-cells, Skeletal Muscle Cells, and Adipocytes *


Authors: Ali Benhaddou-Andaloussi † ab; Louis C. Martineau † ab; Danielle Spoor ab; Tri Vuong ab; Charles Leduc a; Erik Joly bc; Andrew Burt d; Bouchra Meddah ae; Abdellatif Settaf e; John T. Arnason d; Marc Prentki bc; Pierre S. Haddad ab

Affiliations: a Department of Pharmacology, Universit de Montral, Montreal, and Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods Institute, Universit Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada

b Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

c Centre Hospitalier de l'Universit de Montral, Universit de Montral, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

d Department of Biology and Center for Research in Biopharmaceuticals and Biotechnology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

e Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco



Abstract

The seeds of Nigella sativa L. (NS), a plant of the Runanculaceae family, are used in traditional medicine in North Africa and the Middle East for the treatment of diabetes. Despite widespread use and a number of scientific studies, the target tissues and cellular mechanisms of action of this plant product are not well understood. This study evaluated the effects of NS seed crude ethanol extract on insulin secretion in INS832/13 and β TC-tet lines of pancreatic β-cells and on glucose disposal by C2C12 skeletal muscle cells and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. An 18-h treatment with NS amplified glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by more than 35% without affecting sensitivity to glucose. NS treatment also accelerated β-cell proliferation. An 18-h treatment with NS increased basal glucose uptake by 55% (equivalent to approximately two-fold the effect of 100 nM insulin) in muscle cells and approximately by 400% (equal to the effect of 100 nM insulin) in adipocytes; this effect was perfectly additive to that of insulin in adipocytes. Finally, NS treatment of pre-adipocytes undergoing differentiation accelerated triglyceride accumulation comparably with treatment with 10 μ M rosiglitazone. It is concluded that the well-documented in vivo antihyperglycemic effects of NS seed extract are attributable to a combination of therapeutically relevant insulinotropic and insulin-like properties.

*Dedicated to Professor John Thor Arnason of the University of Ottawa, Department of Biology, on the occasion of his sixtieth birthday.

Keywords: Glucose uptake; insulin secretion; natural health products; traditional medicine; type 2 diabetes mellitus

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